I am a student of the university of Liberia studying sociology and anthropology. The rest of the country is mainly . Several Liberian journalists have been awarded national and international awards and acclaim around the world for their commitment to press freedom and promotion of Democracy in post war countries and regions. Create your account. List of federally recognized tribes by state - Wikipedia Which tribe is the most popular tribe in Liberia? Krahn live in Nimba, Grand Gedeh and Sinoe Counties, along the border with Cte d'Ivoire. According to the Liberia Institute for Statistics and Geo Information Services, Grand Kru, Rivercess, and River Gee are the countrys three other poorest counties. The Sande and Poro societies, which have lived in the region for centuries, are trusted custodians of culture in much of Liberia. The Mande are located in the northwest and central regions of Liberia and also in Senegal, Mali, Guinea, and Sierra Leone. The group speaks the Kpelle language, which is one of the Mande family languages. Liberia | History, Map, Flag, Population, & Facts | Britannica While Liberia has experienced many political, social, and economic ups and downs since the late 1900s, their flag and their counties' flags have maintained the same appearance, for the most part, since their introduction. Migrants from north-central Africa, who began to arrive in the 13th century, originally settled in the hinterlands but were driven by overcrowding to the coast. The adjective is Liberian. am a retiree and want to research on my own tribe, the Dei tribe. These people live in the north and in the coastal region of the northwest. But some members of the academic community may also find this work to be useful in their fields. Doe feared for his security and his clutch on power, and increasingly surrounded himself with Krahn kinsmen. International observers representing governments and organizations eager to proclaim progress in Liberia, and motivated in part by an interest in staving-off pressure for humanitarian military intervention, nonetheless deemed Taylor's election free and fair. The Americo-Liberians, who are descendants of freed slaves that arrived in Liberia as of 1821, make up an estimated 5 per cent of the population, of whom half are descended from US slave origin and half from the Caribbean, as well as a number of 'Congos', slaves freed before they made the Atlantic crossing. In 1847 the colonies united, and Liberia became the first independent nation in black Africa. Location: North-eastern Liberia and in Ivory Coast, Africa. Many popular FM radio stations have their headquarters in Monrovia along with several major national newspapers.[12]. Liberia is renowned for its detailed decorative and ornate masks, large and miniature wood carvings of realistic human faces, famous people, scenes of everyday life and accessories particularly combs, spoons and forks which are often enlarged sculptures. Liberia is a country found in the western part of Africa, and it shares its borders with Ivory Coast, Guinea, and Sierra Leon. These communities traded with the Mali and other kingdoms to their north. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. The regime of President V.S. About four-fifths of Liberians are Christian, about one-tenth are Muslim, and a small number profess other religionsprimarily traditional beliefsor are nonreligious. 280 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 282 /H [ 908 1317 ] /L 367432 /E 63311 /N 82 /T 361713 >> endobj xref 280 23 0000000016 00000 n 0000000811 00000 n 0000002225 00000 n 0000002383 00000 n 0000002595 00000 n 0000002636 00000 n 0000003851 00000 n 0000004082 00000 n 0000005697 00000 n 0000006918 00000 n 0000007160 00000 n 0000032684 00000 n 0000032871 00000 n 0000033225 00000 n 0000034454 00000 n 0000034686 00000 n 0000034765 00000 n 0000045402 00000 n 0000059508 00000 n 0000062186 00000 n 0000063081 00000 n 0000000908 00000 n 0000002202 00000 n trailer << /Size 303 /Info 268 0 R /Root 281 0 R /Prev 361702 /ID[<1a44ee98566315621985540a2b598490><42ad1dd604aeb746d7a54a06769d45e0>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 281 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 271 0 R /Metadata 269 0 R /PageLabels 267 0 R >> endobj 301 0 obj << /S 2201 /L 2305 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 302 0 R >> stream Others include the Gio ethnic group, the Lorma ethnic group, the Gbandi ethnic group, the Sapo ethnic group, and other Liberians as well as other non-African communities. The colonizers looked down on tribal peoples, discriminated against them in hiring and education, and attempted to replace their indigenous beliefs with Protestant Christianity. "useRatesEcommerce": false There are also more than 16 indigenous languages. Taylor's August 2003 departure also paved the way for deployment of a large UN peacekeeping force, the UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL), which absorbed West African peacekeepers formerly serving with ECOMOG but also included many peacekeepers from outside the region. Among the most widely studied Liberian languages in schools and universities are Kpelle and Bassa languages and to a lesser extent, Vai. Good oration is valued so people take their time getting their point across. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. They are primarily located in central Liberia, which extends into Guinea. 28 [1913]) warned, "it is not . Nimba County - Wikipedia Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. Tense/Aspects and the development of auxiliaries in Kru languages. I am a Liberian,I feed the mandingo ethnic group are not from Liberia. Bailey, Roland T. Dempster, Wilton G. S. Sankawulo, have all reflected on culture, tradition, modernization and pain of exile, loneliness, lost and remembrance in fiction, and non fiction works. Ricks shook hands with the Queen and presented her with a Coffee Tree quilt, which Victoria later sent to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition for display. It is a land of dense foliage and is home to 16 distinct indigenous tribes of people who call it home. In the end, he is known in world history and on African continent as the genius behind the phrase, "Africa for Africans!" That's cool, but freedom from what? Fighting in Nimba County, an important agricultural centre, caused food shortages across the country. Cassava, fish, bananas, citrus fruits, sweet plantains (or regular (cooking)|plantains], coconut, okra, and sweet potatoes are all popular Liberian ingredients. 16 tribes of Liberia - The Liberian Heritage Society | Facebook Johnson Sirleaf has traveled widely to lobby foreign governments to forgive Liberia's crippling debts, which should provide much greater resources for desperately needed infrastructure projects and social spending. I'm a young Liberian with a passion to contribute outstandingly to the UN SDGs agenda for 2030. Some came to uninhabited areas; others imposed themselves upon groups already in the area. Liberia Ethnic Groups | Study.com It is believed that the Bassa people have Kemetic origin and most likely left Egypt in the early medieval period and migrating towards the west and southwards. Tel: +231-390-400, Liberia Watch for Human Rights Traditionally Vai are engaged in trade and are mostly Muslims converted by itinerant Dioula traders. There is a strong rural-to-urban movement, especially to Monrovia. When Doe took power in 1980, Krahn, in particular those from Doe's own village, became more dominant. There are currently no AM radio stations (which existed before the war) but there are a few shortwave stations. About 10% of Liberians identify as Grebo. But political upheavals beginning in the 1980s and the two civil wars (1989-96 and 1999-2003) brought about a steep decline in the living standards of the country, including its education and infrastructure. Why was the Ocala platform important Apush? Liberia Counties - Statoids Liberia was a founding member of the United Nations, opening up international trade, and experiencing rapid economic growth. According to their oral tradition, Kru migrated from the north-east to the coast of West Africa in the sixteenth centuries and became fishermen and sailors. According to the book's publisher, Dusty Spark Publishing, it is regarded as "one of the literary achievements of postwar Liberia and contemporary Africa. Liberia : The Land, Its People, History and Culture - Google Books She launched audits of government ministries and an investigation of corruption during the transitional government. It is comprehensive in scope covering a wide range of subjects from a historical and contemporary perspective. <br><br>I am contributing to SDG 16 in Liberia using my little salary. People, Kpelle. Liberia has a 560-kilometre coastline and mountains in the north and east. A government of national unity included Taylor's NPFL and the ULIMO-K faction, but intense fighting erupted in Monrovia in April 1996 when Taylor and ULIMO-K leader Alhaji Kromah attempted to seize total control of the government. descendants of the early settlers, Liberia is peopled by about 28 ethnic Kpelle, also called Guerze, people occupying much of central Liberia and extending into Guinea, where they are sometimes called the Guerze; they speak a language of the Mande branch of the Niger-Congo family. Ethnic groups - Liberia Demographics of Liberia - McGill University I'm designing a web page of Liberia leaders(Presidents, Vice Presidents and Interim Presidents);Bismarck L. Kuyon is the only person, who photo I can't find on the internet. The birth rate is 47.22 births/1,000 population. 2002. Because of intermarriage and an aggressive national unification program, Americo-Liberians are Liberians of African American descent. Their attempt eventually failed, and the transitional government paved the way for 1997 elections. PDF Liberians - Cultural Orientation Liberia was only able to maintain its independence with support from the US, although Washington did not formally recognize its statehood until 1862 and its borders were not finally defined until 1892. More than two dozen languages are spoken in Liberia. The 16 tribes make up about 95% of the population; the Americo-Liberians are 2.5% (descendants of the Settlers from the U.S. and the remaining percentage consists of the Congo People, those from the Caribbean and other African countries. Liberia, which was once a colony of the American Colonization Society, has declared independence. Most of them migrated to Liberia between 1820 and 1865; continued migration has been intermittent. HVoLg?8EL"saE (O7j)Z\UdX&3AdPPQ7 vK4-M.mm:Kd]b`f I am Student Lisa Lumeh studying Mass Comm. Reports surfaced of numerous human rights abuses by the NPFL, including the drafting of children into 'Small Boys Units' and the execution of civilians. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States. BIBILIOGRAPHY Marchese, L. (1986). As the conflict in Liberia intensified, Taylor called on RUF fighters to assist in attacking LURD in Liberia, and its sponsor, Guinea. All rights reserved. Johnson Sirleaf had been jailed for a time during the Doe regime in the 1980s. Under Liberia's constitution, non-Africans are excluded from citizenship. Life expectancy, about 57 years for males and 60 years for females, is similar to that of neighbouring countries and is among the lowest in the world. The former migrated mostly to selected areas such as Monrovia (the oldest immigrant settlement), Buchanan, Edina, Greenville, Harper, Robertsport, and Marshall. YOU NEED TO DO MORE RESEACH ON THIS. At rallies, Liberians chanted, 'He killed my ma, he killed my pa: I'll vote for him.' Increasingly, all Liberians with origins outside of the region are lumped together and called 'Congos'. The ruling True Whig Party maintained a kind of feudal oligarchy until well into the third quarter of the twentieth century, monopolizing political power and subjugating the largely peasant population with the help of the Liberian Frontier Force (LFF), an army of non-Americo-Liberians deployed to collect taxes and forcibly recruit labourers for public works projects. A Brief History of the African Country of Liberia - ThoughtCo The Gola and Kissi, who also live in Sierra Leone and are known to be the oldest inhabitants of Liberia, belong to a third linguistic group known as the Mel group (West/Southern Atlantic). After WWII, Liberia took a greater role in international affairs. and There, the rebels used a campaign of terror to secure alluvial diamond resources for their own gain, and allegedly that of Taylor. if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } [4] Muslims comprise 12.2% of the population, largely coming from the Mandingo and Vai ethnic groups. The Gbandi and the Mende formed part of the migration into Liberia from Guinea in the mid-sixteenth century as political refugees from Mandingo expansion in the northwest. PDF The Mandingo Question in Liberian History and the Prospect for Peace in This work is a general introduction to Liberia. Christian music is heavily influenced by its counterpart in United States regardless of region. Office of National Planning, 1962 Population Census of Liberia: Central Province, 1962 Population Census of Liberia: Eastern Province, Les populations Yacoubas, Touras, Ouobs dans la subdivision de Man, Africa: Its Peoples and Their Culture History, Geschichte der Mission der Evangelischen Bruder auf den Caraibischen Inseln S. Thomas, S. Croix und S. Jan, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Les Langues Mand-Sud du Groupe Mana-Busa, Problmes Fonciers dans les Rgions de Gagnoa et Daloa, Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer, Rsults Gographiques de la Mission Hostains-d'Ollone, Clan and Chiefdom Maps for the M (Mano) and D (Gio), Ethnographic Survey of Southeastern Liberia: The Liberian Kran and the Sapo, Liberian Studies Association in America, Inc, Toulpleu: Etude socio-conomique d'un centre semi-urbain de l'Ouest Ivorien, La mise en place des populations Gur et Wob, Tradition et Changements dans la Socit Gur, Protestant Episcopal Society for the Promotion of Evangelical Knowledge, Sculpture of Africa: The Paul Tishman Collection, Ethnographic Survey of Southeastern Liberia: Report on the Bassa, Ethnographie du Cercle de Man (Cte d'Ivoire), Revue d'Ethnographie et des Traditions Populaires, Socit d'Editions Gographiques, Martimes et Coloniales, Reise durch das Hinterland von Liberia im Winter 1906-1907. Doe sought greater legitimacy through a new constitution in 1984, but his government maintained its often arbitrary ruthlessness, and 1985 elections were blatantly rigged. Liberias economy is severely underdeveloped, owing to the First Liberian Civil War, which lasted from 1989 to 1996. The country contains vast timber reserves and substantial deposits of iron ore, gold and diamonds. Christopolis was renamed Monrovia after President James Monroe and the colony was formally called Liberia (the free land). Around the 15th century, people of the Mande language group (including Gio, Mano, Loma, Gbandi, Mende and Kpelle) migrated into the region. Website: www.fol.org, Liberia Human Rights Chapter The forest belt in West Africa that covers large swathes of Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana and Nigeria has always been populated by a large number of ethnic groups. Prince George's County is one of the wealthiest majority African American counties in the nation. This is a common way to greet people. More information 16 Tribes of Liberia More like this Kids School School Girl Liberian Girl Female Hygiene West African Countries African Girl African Men Peace Corps The indigenous population was not given citizenship until 1904, and were not granted the right to vote until 1946. Often adding their own unique perspectives, writing styles and observation of the material and spiritual worlds into their books. The nation contains just over 4 million people, and while some are Americo-Liberian, or descendants of African Americans, most are from the native groups of this region. 0-14 years: 43% (male 681,136; female 680,501)15-64 years: 54% (male 826,751; female 867,402)65 years and over: 3% (male 54,334; female 54,032), at birth: 1.03 male(s)/femaleunder 15 years: 1 male(s)/female15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.98 male(s)/female, total population: 51.02 yearsmale: 49.6 yearsfemale: 52.49 years (2000 est.). The adjective is Liberian. By the 1950s they owned a majority of transportation businesses and worked in commerce. I am a Liberian and student @ the BWI. Monrovia, which is located on the Atlantic Coast at Cape Mesurado, had a population of 1,010,970 people according to the 2008 census. The Mande speakers arrived in northwestern Liberia between 1500 and 1550. Sculptures are produced in both the countryside and cities. Bassa, Gio, Kru, Grebo, Mandingo, Mano, Krahn, Gola, Gbandi, Loma, Kissi, Vai, Sapo, Belleh (Kuwaa), Mende, and Dey are the most populous ethnic groups in Liberia, accounting for about 95% of the total. "Gender Roles, Marriage and Family. The present pattern of population distribution in Liberia is both a reflection of its migration history and a response to such social, economic, and cultural factors as war, employment, and superstition. Meanwhile leading ECOMOG participants Ghana and Nigeria, along with other countries and human rights organizations, pointed to Taylor's continued backing for the RUF in Sierra Leone. Than lately in the 1980 President SAMUEL DOE desided to make the mandingo citizen of Liberia. Many radio stations are community based operated by joint United Nations and community councils, activists, youth groups, universities and neighborhood programs. I need information about the Kru Culture and their Marriage unfold. from the north and east between the 12th and 16th centuries Some Vah letters resemble certain letters from the Ge'ez alphabet of Ethiopia and Eritrea, N'ko alphabet in Guinea, and Armenian alphabet. The Ma are Mano, a name given to them by the Bassa and meaning literally 'Ma-people' in Bassa. Hostname: page-component-75b8448494-jf2r5 Vai were part of the large-scale migration in the sixteenth century. Although individual Vai leaders formed coalitions with Americo-Liberians and established trade links with them, Vai resisted taxation until 1917. The ethnic group occupied large areas of the coastal regions of West Africa and the present-day areas of Sierra Leone, Liberia, Niger, Togo, Senegal, and other parts of Central Africa like Congo and Cameroon. i want to know more about the bassa tribe, and by what cause the fanti become part of Liberia? 16 tribes of Liberia - The Liberian Heritage Society | Facebook Bassa have their own writing system, called 'Bassa' or 'Vah,' which was developed around 1900. I have been told by this website that there are about 28 ethnic groups of Liberia and of the 28 16 are names. Made in Liberia, yet elevated far above footage poorness and designed to portray the magnificence of superb domestic . How does the parents of girl get to know the boyfriend and his parents or people, engage, wed and move into their own home as a family ? Ebola: Traditional chiefs sent messages to their communities in Liberia They are believed to have migrated Corruption was rampant. What Is The Difference Between Catholic And Christian? The indigenous ethnic groups account for more than 95% of the total population in the country. Hospitals are not receiving any of the US$100,000 appropriated in the 2022 Budget for their operations. The Kpelle ethnic community is also found in the neighboring country of Ivory Coast, particularly in the western part of the country. Beginning in 1820, the first freed slaves arrived in West Africa and eventually established the settlement of Monrovia, named after US President James Monroe. In 1915 the Kru revolted again, largely because of a tax imposed by the government, which they viewed as the latest of a series of injustices at the hands of merchants who neglected to pay wages and continually raised the prices of goods sold to local people. Authors Bai T. Moore, E.G. Match the Country with Its Hemisphere Quiz. Dan (also inhabiting Cote d'Ivoire) are more commonly known as Gio in Liberia, which stems from the Bassa phrase meaning slave people, but the term Dan is preferred and used by the people themselves. The second largest linguistic group, the Mande, is located in the north-west and central regions and subdivided into the Mande-Ta (Manding and Vai) and the Mande-Fu (Kpelle, Gio, Mano, Loma, Gbandi and Mende). I want to known about the Lorma tribe, their triditional education,marrage,wearing, occupation,salutation,burial,housing,religion,and story telling. I am a Liberian, my parents from Lofa County in Liberia. I'm a student of the AME University I need a brief history of the kru tribe of Liberia, as it relate to their funeral ceremonies, marriages, where they migrated from and their cultural nature, I'm a student of the AME University I need a brief history of the kru tribe of Liberia, as it relate to their funeral ceremonies, marriages, where they migrated from and their cultural nature. 4840 The Anthropology of Infectious Disease - Studocu The result has been the segmentation of Liberian society into two coexisting subsystemstraditional-rural and modern-urban. These societies are traditionally thought to instill values and teach skills that promote communal harmony, as well as to prepare children for the demands of adulthood. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - Liberia Liberia was a colony in the United States at the time, owned by a small group of people. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. It is estimated that in Liberia, there are about 350,000 people who belong to the Gio ethnic community, and they account for about 8% of the country's population. The trend toward urbanization has had little impact on the villages. Poro society is a famous traditional society for boys and men, practiced by large numbers of the 16 tribes of Liberia, mainly in the north, central, central-south of Liberia. I am kindly asking this website or somebody to provide me the balance listing with additional information. The Gola used to live in the forested mountains of north-east Liberia and south-east Sierra Leone but migrated to the coast as traders. In the past, Liberian government officials have referred to them as Belle, a name that has disparaging connotations. Tel:+231-6-51-51-58 Other ingredients include cassava, fish, bananas, citrus fruit, plantains, coconut, okra and sweet potatoes. "A Brief Summary of Liberian Indigenous Scripts", "International Religious Freedom Report 2010: Liberia", "All the News That Fits: Liberia's Blackboard Headlines", "Roll of Emigrants to Liberia, 18201843 and Liberian Census Data, 1843", "Liberia: It's the Little Things - A Reflection on Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's Journey to the Presidency", Liberian Literature: The Name of the Sound, and the Sound of the Name", Sea Breeze Journal of Contemporary Liberian writers, TLC Africa-The Liberian Connection-Africa online magazine, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Culture_of_Liberia&oldid=1144686088, This page was last edited on 15 March 2023, at 01:15. Despite widespread corruption, Liberias political process was very stable until the end of the First Republic in 1980, when it was founded in 1847. Olukoju, Ayodeji. The countrys birth and death rates are similar to or greater than those of other sub-Saharan African countries and are among the highest in the world. Flag. I still have yet to know the National Identity of my tribe 'Sarpo Tribe' which some historians refer to as Sarpo Krahn for the Sarpo people( Putu) in Grand Gedeh County and Krahn Bush Kru for those in Sinoe County. On July 26, The Liberian Declaration of Independence was adopted and signed. hasContentIssue false, Copyright African Studies Association 1976. The AFL responded with a ruthless counter-insurgency campaign in Nimba County, and this brutality served to swell the ranks of NPFL recruits, many of whom were Gio (Dan) and Mano boys orphaned by the fighting. The predominantly forested regions of south-central and northern Liberia have remained sparsely populated. There are more than 2,000 villages, the majority of which are concentrated in central Liberia, in the northwest, and in the coastal region near Monrovia. Instead, music for Liberian Muslims are based on Quranic citations, adhan and music related to everyday life called suku. ECOMOG, which had been fighting the NPFL in the interior, retreated to Monrovia in 1992. The report did not . Zones. As observed on Liberia's physical map, the elevation of the land gradually increases with distance from the coast. [15] Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts. After President James Monroes death, Christopolis was renamed Monrovia, and the colony was officially dubbed Liberia (the free land). Over the course of the 19th century, literacy in the writing system became widespread. R. I am a student at the Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution, Cuttington University, Suakoko, Bong County/Liberia, reading Peace and Development Studies with special emphasis in Economics. Jazz, funk, soul, rap and a new music style or Liberian rap called Hipco combining rap, R&B, traditional rhymes, and joint Liberian and American influences are part of the wider Music of Liberia. All rights reserved. Each is administered by a superintendent appointed by the President . The net migration rate is 27.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population. (16, 17, 40, 95, 185). Counties of Liberia | Mappr The Grebo migrated to Liberia during the sixteenth century. They united and held out for many years against the imposition of Americo-Liberian rule. More settlers gradually arrived and established separate colonies, negotiating treaties with indigenous chiefs to expand their territory and ensure the settlers' safety. The economy entered a steep decline despite enhanced American aid to Liberia under the US administration of Ronald Reagan. What clothing brands were popular in the 50s? Queen Victoria invited Martha Ann Ricks, on behalf of Liberian Ambassador Edward Wilmot Blyden, to Windsor Castle on 16July 1892. Liberia is divided into fifteen first-level administrative divisions called counties, which, in turn, are subdivided into a total of 90 second-level administrative divisions called districts and further subdivided into third-level administrative divisions called clans. [5], While still belonging to Christian or Muslim denominations, ethnic groups in all regions participate in religious secret societies associated with the spirit world, including the Poro and Sande gender-based secret societies. Basing their theses largely on serological evidence collected from contemporary hunter-gatherer groups, they hypothesize that, because of their small numbers, mobility, and relative isolation from other groups, ancient hunter-gatherers were . Few members are found in Sinoe and River Gee Counties. After the breakdown of a July 1993 ceasefire, the UN established an observer mission in Liberia: at the same time several new factions emerged, many of them based on ethnic affiliations and most of them armed. Healthcare systems are still struggling to recover, as evidenced by the 2014 Ebola epidemic.