Henry the navigator was a mapmaker and helped build ships. In 1542, de Soto himself died during the expedition. What were three outcomes of Spanish Exploration? Early European Maritime Expeditions | The Geography of Transport Systems YouTube Videos for Young Children: An Exploratory Study What was the success of Spain and Portugal? Magellan's Circumnavigation of the Earth | Origins The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. 1015 Words. Another Italian, Amerigo Vespucci, sailing for the Portuguese crown, explored the South American coastline between 1499 and 1502. The money flowed freely, but they still hoped to find a way to the East. Among those who read Vespuccis reports was the German mapmaker Martin Waldseemuller. The Portuguese Role in Exploring and Mapping the New World The Portuguese replaced Arab control of the trade in ivory, gold and slaves with their own. One of the greatest lasting effects of Spanish incursion into Latin America was the . Location of the Strait of Magellan. In 1418, the Portuguese came upon the Madeira Islands and established a colony at Porto Santo. The trees, fruits and grasses differ widely from those in Juana. What does this letter show us about Spanish objectives in the New World? The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. One of this periods most famous works is the novel The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha, by Miguel de Cervantes. Vespuccis widely published accounts of his voyages fueled speculation and intense interest in the New World among Europeans. A major result of the European Age of Exploration was. A fortified trading post, it had mounted cannons facing out to sea, not inland toward continental Africa; the Portuguese had greater fear of a naval attack from other Europeans than of a land attack from Africans. At the height of the middle ages, the Mongol Empire had kept open borders throughout Asia and into Europe along the Silk Road, allowing spices and other luxury goods to flow freely from the Far East. Almost as an afterthought, the Portuguese turned west to Brazil in the 16th century and began settlement in 1533. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? The travels of Portuguese traders to western Africa introduced them to the African slave trade, already brisk among African states. Spain. The Portuguese did not emphasize colonization in their new territories. Other countries would soon follow suit with France and Spain founding colonies for trade connections and means of dealing with dissident religious groups in North America. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. This sixteenth-century map shows the island of Hispaniola (present-day Haiti and Dominican Republic). They had many tools that helped them navigate through the Atlantic Ocean. In the 1500s, Spain surpassed Portugal as the dominant European power. Hernando de Soto had participated in Pizarros conquest of the Inca, and from 1539 to 1542 he led expeditions to what is today the southeastern United States, looking for gold. Spanish and Portuguese Exploration in the Americas Discover the motivations & goals of Spanish & Portuguese exploration of the New World & Asia. In this instance, Cortes actually operated without approval from the Spanish crown or the governor of the Cuban colony because he desired a chance to make his own name and wealth without the credit going to his superiors. Amy has MA degrees in History, English, and Theology. Perhaps the key motivator behind exploration in this era was economic. Cortes formally claimed Mexican land for the Spanish crown in 1519. Since the Aztec people had never been exposed to the disease, thousands died as it spread throughout Mexico. On June 7, 1494, the governments of Spain and Portugal agreed to the Treaty of Tordesillas, named for the city in Spain in which it was created.The Treaty of Tordesillas neatly divided the " New World " of the Americas between the two superpowers. 2.1 Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - OpenStax The bullwhip effect is a term used in supply chain management to describe how minor changes in consumer demand at the retail level can cause significant demand fluctuations upstream toward raw material suppliers. Why was exploration so important to Spain? The Official Site of Philip T. Rivera. The most famous of these Spanish adventurers are Christopher Columbus (who, though Italian himself, explored on behalf of the Spanish monarchs), Hernn Corts, and Francisco Pizarro. . Essay Sample. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. From the beginning of the Aztec conquest, a collection of Franciscan friars had come to convert the natives. The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492, Creating New Social Orders: Colonial Societies, 15001700, Rule Britannia! Spain and Portugal divided the New World by drawing a north-to-south line of demarcation in the Atlantic Ocean, about 100 leagues (555 . Although Europeans continued to trade with the east, especially the seagoing Venetians, the venture was expensive and unsanctioned by the Catholic Church, which forbade Christian trade with Muslim empires. The carrack first appeared, historians believe, in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. Henry the Navigator. There was plenty of room to spread out, interesting cultures and landscapes to explore, natives to Christianize, and even better, economic opportunities galore, including new sources of gold and silver. the fall of European national monarchies and the end of the power of the Catholic Church. Portugal, the western-most European country, was one of the primary players in the European Age of Discovery and Exploration. The Europeans enslaved the Native Americans and took most of them back to Europe. Spain, in particular, produced a number of famous conquistadors who established the presence of the Spanish empire in Mexico, California, and Peru. This phenomenon is named after the physics of whip cracking. De Gama's successful venture created a greater demand than ever before for overseas trades along the African coast. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. How do you think it might have influenced Europeans reading about the New World for the first time? Want to create or adapt books like this? Columbus' reports about the many people already living in the New World prompted Queen Isabel to consider them under her protection as members of the Spanish Empire, promising to bring them to the Catholic faith and wanting them to be fairly treated. They forced the native people to change their religion and follow Christainity. Such problems only created possibilities for new solutions as European colonies and trade cropped up around the world. The 1492 Columbus landfall accelerated the rivalry between Spain and Portugal, and the two powers vied for domination through the acquisition of new lands. What impact did the Portuguese have on exploration? This venture drew them further out, especially with Prince Henry the Navigator's patronage of exploration which opened the possibilities of finding a route to the Far East by sea. Dutch Golden Age History & Timeline | What is the Dutch Golden Age? The history of Spanish exploration begins with the history of Spain itself. He participated in successful expeditions in Panama before following rumors of Inca wealth to the south. During the winter of 154041, the explorers waged war against the Tiwa in present-day New Mexico. The Spanish followed suit, beginning with Christopher Columbus, before moving beyond mere trade and focusing on empire building. How Portugal became the first global sea power - CBS News The motives for Spanish exploration was to find Northwest Passage, which they believed was a direct and efficient route to the Orient home of spices, silks and wealth. This was centre of the gold trade. | 22 Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. Hispaniola is a marvel. The Portuguese continued to focus on building trade networks and establishing a trading post empire without heavy colonization in direct contrast to the Spanish. The main driving forces for these pressures include the growing population associated with rapid urbanization and human settlements along the coast, industrial growth, oil exploration, production and export and the associated tanker traffic, fishing, tourism, agriculture, aquaculture and sea water desalination. With financial assistance from the maritime enthusiast Prince Henry the Navigator and the invention of lateen or triangular sails, the Portuguese opened trading routes along the African coast. Spurred by Christopher Columbuss glowing reports of the riches to be found in the New World, throngs of Spanish conquistadors set off to find and conquer new lands. There were different reasons for the Spanish and Portuguese exploration, with the Portuguese establishing a trading post empire to protect their goods, and Spain focusing on. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. NYFA's Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) degree programs are designed to provide students with a concentrated education in film, media, and entertainment, supported by an exploration of the liberal arts and sciences. They have no iron, nor steel, nor weapons, nor are they fit for them, because although they are well-made men of commanding stature, they appear extraordinarily timid. Magellan and Joo Serro were the only Portuguese captains, with Magellan in charge of the largest ship, the Trinidad, and Serro at the helm of the Santiago. The map shows areas of Portuguese and Spanish exploration, the two nations claims under the Treaty of Tordesillas, and a variety of flora, fauna, figures, and structures. How did Portuguese and Spanish exploration effect the people in Africa? In the 15th century the Portuguese started exploring new lands. The Great Depression, 1929-1932, Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1941, Fighting the Good Fight in World War II, 1941-1945, Post-War Prosperity and Cold War Fears, 1945-1960, Political Storms at Home and Abroad, 1968-1980, The Challenges of the Twenty-First Century. He and his followers explored what is now Florida, Georgia, the Carolinas, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, and Texas. In addition to forcing the native populations into slavery, the Spanish explorers forced them to convert to Christianity. Columbus' discoveries also shifted the reasons behind Spanish exploration from trade to empire-building and exploration. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Columbus and the Spanish Explorations - CliffsNotes Indeed, the Spanish created an empire across two continents, and the world would never be the same. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. It didn't take long for other Spaniards to realize that Columbus had stumbled upon something completely new, and they decided to stay. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. Portugal & the Age of Exploration - World History Encyclopedia After Columbus voyages to the New World, the Portuguese, Spanish, French, Dutch, and English began the active exploration and exploitation of the newly discovered land in the Americas. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? European exploration | Definition, Facts, Maps, Images - Britannica The dungeon of the fort now served as a holding pen for African slaves from the interior of the continent, while on the upper floors Portuguese traders ate, slept, and prayed in a chapel. The resulting Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 drew a north-to-south line through South America ([link]); Spain gained territory west of the line, while Portugal retained the lands east of the line, including the east coast of Brazil. The Spanish also brought smallpox into the valley of Mexico. 3 What impact did Portuguese have on Africa? Hernando Corts was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers that began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas. It took nearly a year for the Spanish and the tens of thousands of native allies who joined them to defeat the Mexica in Tenochtitln, which they did by laying siege to the city. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. The process where the Spanish and Portuguese Christians reclaim the Iberian Peninsula is called the Reconquista. However, the reality is far more complex. Spains drive to enlarge its empire led other hopeful conquistadors to push further into the Americas, hoping to replicate the success of Corts and Pizarro. Bethel veterans weigh in on cost of living, health care and suicide Such endeavors were accomplished by the conquistadors Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro, who subdued the Aztec and Incan Empires in 1521 and 1533. Although his first efforts against the Inca Empire in the 1520s failed, Pizarro captured the Inca emperor Atahualpa in 1532 and executed him one year later. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. These lands comprised most of the Americas. In the following years, as European exploration spread, slavery spread as well. Portuguese explorers were able to discover and conquer new worlds. 1524. Large numbers of Spanish people came to live and work in their new lands of Central and South America. In short, the actions of the Portuguese and Spanish established a permanent European presence in the New World and set the stage for future conflict and historical movements. The spread of Christianity to native populations. The regions through which he traveled were not empty areas waiting to be discovered: rather, they were populated and controlled by the groups of native peoples indicated. Age Of Exploration Dbq Essay - 644 Words | Internet Public Library The exploits of European explorers had a profound impact both in the Americas and back in Europe. He understood why the exploration and hunt of the surrounding was done by the Domain . The global flow of silver from the mid-sixteenth century to the early eighteenth century caused social and economic issues by creating social impact in China, changing the economic purpose for trading, and the overall exchange between the Chinese and European nations. This split desire for wealth and religious conversion was the complicated reason why Spain explored the New World. It began with the Vikings' brief stint . I feel like its a lifeline. Columbuss discovery opened a floodgate of Spanish exploration. Spanish Exploration and Colonization | Encyclopedia.com Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Millions of Amerindians died by violence and disease as the Spanish marched through their lands, and even the very face of the land changed as the explorers and settlers brought new livestock, weeds, and germs to the New World. Although the period known as the Age of Discovery, when Western Europe's conquistadors or conquerors discovered the true expanse of the globe, began with a Portuguese and Spanish desire to find ways to the Far East and the spice trade, it ended with both nations permanently expanding a myriad of trade networks and colonies on continents previously unknown. They stayed because of the wealth found in the region. Where did Christopher Columbus first land? He spent most of his life in the Americas advocating for the natives. After Christopher Columbus bumped into the New World in 1492, a string of explorers and conquistadors set about claiming territory for Spain. When the Spanish captured Granada in 1492, it allowed the Catholic monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella, to listen to the arguments of the Genoese sea captain, Christopher Columbus, and his claims that he could find a shorter route to the Far East. What was an effect of Spanish exploration on both the Inca and the Aztec civilization? Although, this conquest took over 30 years to accomplish. Rather than leading to the discovery of gold and silver, however, the expedition simply left Coronado bankrupt. Francisco Pizarro subdued the Incas of Peru in 1533. The Spanish explorers hoped to find cities of gold, so they made their discoveries sound as wonderful as possible in these letters to convince the Spanish crown to fund more voyages.