Precedents for claiming the personal protection of a deity were established in theRepublican era, when for instance theRoman dictatorSullaadvertised thegoddess Victoryas his tutelary by holding public games(ludi)in her honor.ref, Each town or city had one or more tutelary deities, whose protection was considered particularly vital in time of war and siege. Certain species, or types, of household deities, existed. With respect to Y-DNA haplogroup, three carried G2a2b2a3, two G2a2a1a, one G2a2a1, G2a2a1a3, C1a, I2a1a2a-L161.1, I2a2a1, and I2c, while mtDNA haplogroup, two J1c2, K1a2, T2b and one H, H15a1, H40, J1c5, K1a1b1, K1b1. Cathedrals are some of the most awe-inspiring structures in the world, with their grandeur and intricate details captivating visitors for centuries. By about 5040 ka a basal West Eurasian lineage had emerged, as had a separateEast Asianlineage. Archaeologists and historians have struggled with migration for a long time. An example of this was the Roman Lares. Center: Steppe cultures1 (black): Anatolian languages (archaic PIE)2 (black): Afanasievo culture (early PIE)3 (black) Yamnaya culture expansion (Pontic-Caspian steppe, Danube Valley) (late PIE)4A (black): Western Corded Ware4B-C (blue & dark blue): Bell Beaker; adopted by Indo-European speakers5A-B (red): Eastern Corded ware5C (red): Sintashta (proto-Indo-Iranian)6 (magenta): Andronovo7A (purple): Indo-Aryans (Mittani)7B (purple): Indo-Aryans (India)[NN] (dark yellow): proto-Balto-Slavic8 (grey): Greek9 (yellow): Iranians [not drawn]: Armenian, expanding from the western steppe. InShinto, the spirits, orkami, which give life to human bodies come from nature and return to it after death. In Scotland this same Brownie is well known. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Indogermanisches etymologisches Wrterbuch, "The genetic prehistory of the Greater Caucasus", " - ", "Genome-wide patterns of selection in 230 ancient Eurasians", "The Genomic History of Southeastern Europe", Mitochondrial DNA and the origins of the domestic horse, Widespread Origins of Domestic Horse Lineages, Factual archaeological description of Samara culture (in Russian), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samara_culture&oldid=1141596015, Archaeological cultures of Eastern Europe, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from June 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 25 February 2023, at 21:21. The first complete mapping of a Neanderthal genome took place about five years ago - supporting the human-Neanderthal hook-up and also showing that Neanderthal DNA in humans is a thing. Damien Marie AtHope (At Hope)Axiological Atheist, Anti-theist, Anti-religionist, Secular Humanist. Some have seen the beginning of the horse sacrifice in these remains, but this interpretation has not been more definitely substantiated. The Samara culture was an Eneolithic (Copper Age) culture that flourished around the turn of the 5th millennium BCE,[note 1] at the Samara Bend of the Volga River (modern Russia). The most recent of them were the most Mongoloid as populations shifted from east to west. In that regard it was the opposite development from the Near East, which first developed agriculture then only pottery from circa 5500 BCE, perhaps through contact with East Asians via Siberia or Central Asia. ref. The Yamnaya culture is significant for its role in the rise of the Indo-European languages. He is usually described as attached to particular families, with whom he has been known to reside for centuries, threshing the corn, cleaning the house, and performing similar household tasks. Some deities, like the weather god *Perkunos or the herding-god *Phusn, are only attested in a limited number of traditions Western (European) and Graeco-Aryan, respectively and could therefore represent late additions that did not spread throughout the various Indo-European dialects. ref, Some myths are also securely dated to Proto-Indo-European times, since they feature both linguistic and thematic evidence of an inherited motif: a story portraying a mythical figure associated with thunder and slaying a multi-headed serpent to release torrents of water that had previously been pent up; a creation myth involving two brothers, one of whom sacrifices the other in order to create the world; and probably the belief that the Otherworld was guarded by a watchdog and could only be reached by crossing a river. ref, Various schools of thought exist regarding possible interpretations of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European mythology. In contrast, no evidence for ANE-related geneflow into East Asians (Amis, Han, Tianyuan), except the Ainu, was found.ref, Genetic data suggests that the ANE formed during the Terminal Upper-Paleolithic (36+-1,5ka) period from a deeply European-related population, which was once widespread in Northern Eurasia, and from an early East Asian-related group, which migrated northwards into Central Asia and Siberia, merging with this deeply European-related population. The isotope distinction between small and large ruminants indicates that either the different domestic animal species were herded on different pastures or that they fed selectively on different plants available in the same habitats. Archaeologists have been able to take a closer look at one of the United Kingdoms most famous shipwrecks. Will I be brave enough to be kind? The group also occurs at >3% in some Iranian populations and is present at >30% in Roma from Croatia and Hungary., Samoyedic (Nganasans, Enets, Nenets and Selkups), Baltic Finnic (Finnish, Karelian, Estonia, etc. Yamnaya ancestry appears among Mycenaeans, with the Yamnaya Bulgaria sample being its best current ancestral fit; the emergence of steppe ancestry and R1b-M269 in the eastern Mediterranean was associated with Ancient Greeks; Thracians, Albanians, and Armenians also show R1b-M269 subclades and "Steppe ancestry". With their wheeled chariots, pit graves, and Indo-European language, the Yamnaya spread their culture and genes east and west. According to admixture analysis they had approximately 75%EEF, 10% bothWesternandEastern Hunter-Gatherer, and less than 5% traces of Yamnaya-related ancestry. By applying the alternative, Indo-Slavic model, it is possible to relegate the latter two terms to the most recent subnode of the family, so as to deprive them of their core Indo-European status. The Iliad can provide new insights on the role of motherhood among the ancient Greek gods, and by extension, amongst ancient mortal Greek women themselves. This was a world of mobile herders who took their cattle and sheep from place to place, using horses to do so. Totemism is needed for supernatural thinking connecting human actions & related to clan/tribe. Its name derives from its characteristic burial tradition: (romanization: yamnaya) is a Russian adjective that means 'related to pits (yama)', and these people used to bury their . The teams innovative Bayesian phylogeographic analysis of Indo-European linguistic and spatial data, including basic vocabulary data from 103 ancient and contemporary Indo-European languages, decisively supports this theory. In Sredny Stog culture, the deceased were laid to rest on their backs with the legs flexed. Some of it was already present in Russia during the Mesolithic period, but the largest East Asian migration to Europe took place with the arrival of Proto-Uralic people during the Neolithic. All of that seems to match the Yamnaya both on the steppe and in their new home in the Hungarian Plain. Yamnaya culture - Wikiquote InSiouan,Algonquian,Iroquoian, and in Central and South American beliefs, a fierce guard dog was located in theMilky Way, perceived as the path of souls in the afterlife, and getting past it was a test. I as everyone, earns our justified respect by our actions, that are good, ethical, just, protecting, and kind. The exact nature of Yangshao agriculture, small-scaleslash-and-burncultivation versus intensive agriculture in permanent fields, is currently a matter of debate. Were the Celts "direct" descendants of the Yamnaya? Owing to the historical distance of Yamnaya culture, and reliance on archaeological findings, debate continues as to its origin. The Yamnaya are thought to be the ancestors of the Indo-Europeans, who spoke Proto-Indo-European, the ancestor of all Indo-European languages. It postulates that the people of aKurgan culturein thePontic steppenorth of theBlack Seawere the most likely speakers of theProto-Indo-European language(PIE). Who were the Groups migrating and merging with the previous Groups of Europe? 12). Yamanayas - Who where they? - Yamnayas In these groups, several aspects of the Yamnaya culture are present. This wasnt just a mass population replacement, but a longer-term series of cultural interactions and changes. Are the Natufians of Israel around 15,000 to 11,500 years ago who you thought they were? Exceptional individuals, highly cultivated sages, and prominent ancestors can be deified and honored after death. Seonangshinis the patron deity of the village in Korean tradition and was believed to embody theSeonangdang. They provide the basis of a worldview that reaffirms and guides how people relate tothe natural world, to any assumedspiritual world, and toeach other. The etymology of tutelary expresses the concept of safety and thus of guardianship. They are (linguistic) descendants of the people of the Yamnaya culture (c.3600-2300 BCE) in Ukraine and southern Russia, and settled in the area from Western Europe to India in various migrations in the third, second, and early first . The truth is best championed in the sunlight of challenge. Knowledge without Belief? They are often set in a dim and nonspecific past that historian of religionMircea Eliadetermedin illo tempore(at that time). (2016:10) note a cline of ANE ancestry across the east-west extent of Eurasia. The ancient Bronze-age-steppeYamnayaandAfanasevocultures were found to have a noteworthy ANE component at ~50%.ref, According to Moreno-Mayar et al. Earlier continuity from eneolithic but largely hunter-gatherer Samara culture and influences from the more agricultural DnieperDonets II are apparent. ref, Alternatively, Parpola (2015) relates both the Corded ware culture and the Yamnaya culture to the late Tripolye culture. Once the soil was exhausted, residents picked up their belongings, moved to new lands, and constructed new villages. ref, Bayesian modeling applied to a dataset of new and published radiocarbon dates derived from domesticated millet grains suggests that after their initial cultivation in the crescent around the Bohai Sea ca. Such as that they are one continuous population of indigenous people who have simply adopted the practice of pottery making. Genetic loci reported to be under positive selection in the common ancestor of modern Eurasians are represented by rs1881227 inKITLG, and those independently evolved in Europeans and East Asians, indicating possible convergent evolution, are represented by rs12913832 inOCA2and rs885479 inMC1R, respectively. ref, The study says Japanese, Korean and Turkish languages all emerged from a common ancestor in northeast China. For example, in theUgaritic texts,il mlkis understood to mean l the King butil hdas the godHadad. To master oneself, also means mastering positive prosocial behaviors needed for human flourishing. Sikora et al. (2009) also reports a surprisingly high frequency of M458 in someNorthern Caucasianpopulations (for example 27.5% amongKarachaysand 23.5% amongBalkars, 7.8% amongKaranogaysand 3.4% amongAbazas). ref, HaplogroupN1cis found chiefly in north-eastern Europe, particularly in Finland (61%), Lapland (53%), Estonia (34%), Latvia (38%), Lithuania (42%), and northern Russia (30%), and to a lower extent also in central Russia (15%), Belarus (10%), eastern Ukraine (9%), Sweden (7%), Poland (4%) and Turkey (4%). Its pretty obvious that these people, or individuals and groups related to them, moved. Some scholars argue that modern Judaism evolved fromYahwism, the religion ofancient Israel and Judah, by the late 6th century BCE, and is thus considered to be one of the oldest monotheistic religions.ref, Yahwismis the name given by modern scholars to the religion ofancient Israel, essentiallypolytheistic, with a plethora ofgodsandgoddesses. ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref, ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref, ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref, Low Gods Earth or Tutelary deity and High Gods Sky or Supreme deity, AnEarth goddessis a deification of theEarth. I am not a good fit in the atheist movement that is mostly pro-capitalist, I am anti-capitalist. Her DNA was As Greek mythology goes, the universe was once a big soup of nothingness. Emergence myths in which progenitors pass through a series of worlds and metamorphoses until reaching the present world. My Steppe-Anatolian-Kurgan hypothesis 8,000/7,000 years ago, 7,522-6,522 years ago Linear Pottery culture which I think relates to Arcane Capitalisms origins, Arcane Capitalism: Primitive socialism, Primitive capital, Private ownership, Means of production, Market capitalism, Class discrimination, and Petite bourgeoisie (smaller capitalists). This scenario is associated with a proposed primary split between, (53004000 years BP) in the upper reaches of the Yellow River on the northeast edge of the, proposes a split around 6000 years BP, with Chinese-speakers settling along the Yellow River and other groups migrating south down the, Recent research indicates a common origin of the, . This large subclade appears to encompass most of the R1a1a found in Europe.
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