Economic importance of coconut fruit. Botanical description and [121][122], Both Malauhog and Malakanin coconut meat of immature fruits can be eaten as is or used in salads, drinks, desserts, and pastries such as buko pie and es kelapa muda. World Coconut Economy: Sectoral Issues, Markets and Trade Nata de coco, also called coconut gel, is another jelly-like coconut product made from fermented coconut water. ~The effect will be much stronger when consumed by adding ~When mask made with milk inside coconut, color tone of skin will be opened. Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh or processed into coconut milk or coconut oil. nuciferae. Virgin coconut oil is predicted to experience high demand from consumers with higher health consciousness and as well as aging population. Coconut oil is a "functional food" that is popular in traditional medicine in Asia and used worldwide to treat a wide variety of health problems from abscesses to upset stomachs. They need year round warmth and moisture to grow well and fruit. The liquid of the nut, known as coconut water, is used in beverages. [18][19][20], A full-sized coconut fruit weighs about 1.4 kilograms (3pounds 1ounce). Some cultivars such as 'Fiji dwarf' form a large bulb at the lower stem and others are cultivated to produce very sweet coconut water with orange-colored husks (king coconut) used entirely in fruit stalls for drinking (Sri Lanka, India). The aim is to knock a coconut off the stand and win it. About 75% of the world's supply of coconuts is produced by Indonesia, the Philippines, and India. 98% of coconut is grown by more than 10 million resource poor smallholder and sharecropper families, on smallholdings under 4 ha. A long handle made from some other wood may be inserted into the base of the bundle and used as a two-handed broom. [138] Coconut oil extracted from coconut milk or copra is also used for frying, cooking, and making margarine, among other uses.[134][139]. Because the nuts can fall from a height of 30 yards, in Southern Asia and Australia, monkeys (e.g., Malaya macaques) are trained to harvest them. Coconut flesh is either eaten raw or dried to form copra, the meat of the seed and the source for coconut oil. Agriculture Industry In the past, the harvesting of coconuts and their husks was considered part of the waste or for burning fuel, and they did not have much economic benefit. In 2020, world production of coconuts was 62 million tonnes, led by Indonesia, India, and the Philippines, with 75% combined of the total (table). The biggest barrier to establishing an investment climate for coconut and an economic alternative to oil palm land area expansion is the critical lack of quality planting materials and coconut investment model. [21][22], Unlike some other plants, the palm tree has neither a taproot nor root hairs, but has a fibrous root system. and Koop Wind (Eds.). While theres no direct way to make your hair grow faster overnight, there are steps you can take to keep your hair healthy and long. [174], The flowers are used sometimes in wedding ceremonies in Cambodia. In Asia, coconut shells are also used as bowls and in the manufacture of various handicrafts, including buttons carved from dried shell. Frison, E.A. But we had laid about half among the special provisions below deck, with the waves washing around them. Conclusion A high source of important vitamins and minerals, as well as high in fibre, fruits are an excellent food choice. In the Malay language, it is pokok seribu guna ("the tree of a thousand uses"). Lagos and the coconut connection - The Guardian Nigeria News [111], Coconut oil is increasingly used in the food industry. Each spike in the spadix bears 2 to 3 female flowers at the base and 200 to 300 male flowers at the top. [13] It is consumed throughout the humid tropics, and has been introduced into the retail market as a processed sports drink. De-husked coconuts typically weigh around 750 to 850 grams (1lb 10oz to 1lb 14oz). The world coir production is 0.282 million tones. Nor were there coconuts on the east side of the African coast until Vasco da Gama, nor in the Caribbean when first visited by Christopher Columbus. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. It allows toxins to be thrown out of stomach. [85] Mechanical coconut climbing devices and even automated robots have also been recently developed in countries like India, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia. (PDF) The Coconut Industry: A Review of Price - ResearchGate [133], Coconut milk and coconut cream extracted from grated coconut is frequently added to various dessert and savory dishes, as well as in curries and stews. The main coconut-producing area in the Middle East is the Dhofar region of Oman, but they can be grown all along the Persian Gulf, Arabian Sea, and Red Sea coasts, because these seas are tropical and provide enough humidity (through seawater evaporation) for coconut trees to grow. Flowers are protandrous, the female flowers open, after the male flowers have withered. [18][19] Niu vai endocarp fragments have been recovered in archaeological sites in the St. Matthias Islands of the Bismarck Archipelago. It is predominantly used in the bakery and confectionary industries (especially in non-coconut-producing countries) because of its longer shelf life compared to freshly grated coconut. [23] However, there is some evidence that it may be polygamomonoecious and may occasionally have bisexual flowers. [108] The artificial landscaping may have been the cause for lethal yellowing, a viral coconut palm disease that leads to the death of the tree. [43], The specific name nucifera is derived from the Latin words nux (nut) and fera (bearing), for 'nut-bearing'. The Philippines and Indonesia lead in copra production, and throughout the South Pacific copra is one of the most important export products. In foods, coconut is used in various preparations. Coconut The coconut has uses in jewelries, Happy Business India is leading exporters and suppliers of coconut from India to the global market with best quality which meets international standards. Decayed roots are replaced regularly as the tree grows new ones. Coconut - Wikipedia Coconuts probably originated somewhere in Indo-Malaya and are one of the most important crops of the tropics. The shells of the coconut can also be used to create charcoal, which has a variety of industrial and domestic uses. The origin of dwarf varieties is Southeast Asia, which contain the tall cultivars that are genetically closest to dwarf coconuts. Hearts of palm are eaten in salads, sometimes called "millionaire's salad". The coconut is also a popular ingredient in many types of cuisine, including Southeast Asian, South Asian, and Caribbean dishes. [98][99][100], Two important coconut products were first developed in the Philippines, macapuno and nata de coco. It is cultivated by about 11 million farmers on 12 million hectares; 80% of total production comes from Asia (Adkins et al., 2006). In many parts of the world, the cultivation and sale of coconuts is a major source of income, especially for those living in rural areas. Coconut buttons are often used for Hawaiian aloha shirts. Elvira Bowen is a food expert who has dedicated her life to understanding the science of cooking. In Florida, wild populations of coconut palms extend up the East Coast from Key West to Jupiter Inlet, and up the West Coast from Marco Island to Sarasota. Coconut oil, from the seed of the palm coconut, Cocos nucifera, is highly revered in Asia as the "Tree of Life" or as the fruit of the gods. As per 201415 statistics from Coconut Development Board of Government of India, four southern states combined account for almost 90% of the total production in the country: Tamil Nadu (33.8%), Karnataka (25.2%), Kerala (24.0%), and Andhra Pradesh (7.2%). Economic theory posits that economic welfare is the total benefit available to society provided by various economic transaction and situation (Economic Online, 2014). These skilled, unpaid laborers can pick hundreds of coconuts daily. From here, island-hopping via coral atolls lining the Tethys Sea, potentially boosted by the ocean currents at the time, would have proved crucial to dispersal, eventually allowing ancestral coconuts to reach India. Elzebroek, A.T.G. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kannur under Kerala Agricultural University has developed an innovative extension approach called the compact area group approach to combat coconut mites. (1993). Coconut | Description, Uses, & Facts | Britannica If the juice does not taste fresh, throw the coconut away. [118][119], Maturity is difficult to assess on an unopened coconut, and there is no technically proven method for determining maturity. Leaves are also woven into small piuches that are filled with rice and cooked to make pus and ketupat.[162]. The husks of the coconut are a source of coir, a fiber used in the production of brushes, matting, and other products. Coconut (Cocos nucifera). 2,0004,000 adventitious roots may grow, each about 1cm (12in) large. For other uses, see, "Grated coconut" redirects here. [120] They can also be determined traditionally by tapping on the coconut fruit. ", "The Alcohol Industry of the Philippine Islands Part II: Distilled Liquors; their Consumption and Manufacture", "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory from the American Heart Association", "The effect of coconut oil consumption on cardiovascular risk factors (Systematic review)", "Coconut oil consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in humans", "Hans van Amsterdam: Coconut Cup with Cover (17.190.622ab) Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History The Metropolitan Museum of Art", "Remembering PT-109: A carved walking stick evokes ship commander John F. Kennedy's dramatic rescue at sea", "MO63.4852 Coconut shell paperweight with PT109 rescue message", "The chemical composition and biological properties of coconut (, "Data sheet about delta-decalactone and its properties", "Defensive tool use in a coconut-carrying octopus", "Aussie scientists find coconut-carrying octopus", "A tool-wielding octopus? What happens to your body if you drink coconut water everyday? Production is based in Southern Asia, Central and South America, Oceania and southern Africa; Asia accounts for 84 percent. de Lourdes Arruzazabala, M.; Molina, V.; Ms, R.; Carbajal, D.; Marrero, D.; Gonzlez, V.; Rodrguez, E. (2007). Though safer and faster than the climbing method, its main disadvantage is that it does not allow workers to examine and clean the crown of coconuts for pests and diseases. She has worked in some of the worlds most prestigious kitchens, and has published several cookbooks that have become bestsellers. [131][86], Coconut milk powder, a protein-rich powder can be processed from coconut milk following centrifugation, separation, and spray drying. On the eve of Choti Holi . Coconut trees also are increasingly grown for decorative purposes along the coasts of the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia with the help of irrigation. Economic Value of Climate Variability Impacts on Coconut Production in However, Cocos is not thought to be indigenous to South America, and the highest genetic diversity is present in Asian Cocos, indicating that at least the modern species Cocos nucifera is native to there. The name comes from the old Portuguese word coco, meaning "head" or "skull", after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. Mature coconuts are ovoid or ellipsoid in shape, 3045 cm (1218 inches) in length and 1520 cm (68 inches) in diameter. The coconut populations in the island show genetic admixture between the two subpopulations indicating that Pacific coconuts were brought by the Austronesian settlers that later interbred with the local Indo-Atlantic coconuts. Besides the edible kernels and the drink obtained from green nuts, the harvested coconut also yields copra, the dried extracted kernel, or meat, from which coconut oil, a major vegetable oil, is expressed. It is governed by a single recessive gene (there are studies to this effect) and . [150] Its chronic consumption may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases by raising total blood cholesterol levels through elevated blood levels of LDL cholesterol and lauric acid. [40], Carl Linnaeus first wanted to name the coconut genus Coccus from latinizing the Portuguese word coco, because he saw works of other botanists in middle of the 17th century use the name as well. The coconut is a versatile and valuable crop, with a range of uses that contribute to both local and global economies. In the Hainuwele myth from Maluku, a girl emerges from the blossom of a coconut tree. Traditional areas of coconut in India are the states of Kerala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Goa, West Bengal, Pondicherry, Maharashtra and Islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. See also Can I Rub Coconut Oil On My Gums? Economic importance of coconut pdf - Znvyi Coconut oil is also considered good for hair. However, like most palm fossils, Cocos-like fossils are still putative, as they are usually difficult to identify. In 2007, the Philippines imposed a quarantine in Metro Manila and 26 provinces to stop the spread of the pest and protect the Philippine coconut industry managed by some 3.5million farmers.[75]. It was the world's largest producer for decades until a decline in production due to aging trees as well as typhoon devastation. "The potential of the Coconut Industry is huge and benefits are available for parties from all sectors. "Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats". The sap derived from incising the flower clusters of the coconut is drunk as toddy, also known as tub in the Philippines (both fermented and fresh), tuak (Indonesia and Malaysia), karewe (fresh and not fermented, collected twice a day, for breakfast and dinner) in Kiribati, and neera in South Asia. Gasa suggested, for lack of paper, delivering by dugout canoe a message inscribed on a husked coconut shell, reading Nauru Isl commander / native knows posit / he can pilot / 11 alive need small boat / Kennedy.[159] This coconut was later kept on the president's desk, and is now in the John F. Kennedy Library. A coconut (Sanskrit: narikela) is an essential element of rituals in Hindu tradition. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. It also had ceremonial importance in pre-colonial animistic religions. What are 10 uses for a coconut? Malauhog has a "solid" sound when tapped, while Malakanin and Malakatad produce a "hollow" sound. Coconut meal: Nutraceutical importance and food industry application Required fields are marked *. Is eating coconut good for your skin? It contributes 2 per cent to Sri Lankas GDP, 2.5 per cent to export earnings and 5 per cent to employment. Food Industry Coconut is known as a common ingredient in food processing. They eventually form the edible solid endosperm (the "coconut meat" or "coconut flesh") which hardens over time. Micronutrients in significant content (more than 10% of the Daily Value) include the dietary minerals, manganese, copper, iron, phosphorus, selenium, and zinc (table). The "branches" (leaf petioles) are strong and flexible enough to make a switch. The tradition began in the 1910s, and has continued since. The small cylindrical embryo is embedded in the solid endosperm directly below the functional pore of the endosperm. It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. nana) varieties. The Coconut Palm Cocos Nucifera L. See also Can You Drink Malibu If You'Re Allergic To Coconut? Coconut is the environment friendly small-holder palm of the tropical environment, Covering 12.28 million hectares in 90 countries with an annual production of 64.3 billion nuts, Coconut provides USD$ 7.73 Billion per annum to global coconut small holders. Australian cities put much effort into de-fruiting decorative coconut trees to ensure that the mature coconuts do not fall and injure people. They have a thick fibrous husk surrounding the single-seeded nut. Besides, the stem is used for construction of houses and leaves are used for thatching, fencing and making baskets and broomsticks. Neera has a low glycemic count at 35 compared to cane sugar or sugarcane juice that has a glycemic count of 80. [72] Yellowing diseases affect plantations in Africa, India, Mexico, the Caribbean and the Pacific Region. [89], Determining whether to harvest is also important. Economic welfare can be evaluated through consumer surplus and producer surplus. Palm wine is distilled to produce arrack. Coconut palms are believed to be largely cross-pollinated, although most dwarf varieties are self-pollinating. It increases bold circulation in the kidneys and cause profuse dieresis. And no coconut can float over the sea faster than a balsa raft moves with the wind behind it. The exocarp is the glossy outer skin, usually yellow-green to yellow-brown in color. [74], Brontispa longissima (coconut leaf beetle) feeds on young leaves, and damages both seedlings and mature coconut palms. Whether you are starting your first company or you are a dedicated entrepreneur diving into a new venture, Bizfluent is here to equip you with the tactics, tools and information to establish and run your ventures. Samosir (eds.) The conditions required for coconut trees to grow without any care are: The main limiting factor for most locations which satisfy the rainfall and temperature requirements is canopy growth, except those locations near coastlines, where the sandy soil and salt spray limit the growth of most other trees. Coconut is an important food crop produced worldwide and is a palm family member. [109] The production of coconuts is the main source of Sri Lanka economy, with 12% of cultivated land and 409,244 hectares used for coconut growing (2017). Salunkhe, D.K., J.K. Chavan, R.N. Hair loss is the most common cause of hair loss in men and women, and it is the most common cause of hair loss in women. The discovery of this behavior was observed in Bali and North Sulawesi in Indonesia between 1998 and 2008. The leaves are used for thatching houses, or for decorating climbing frames and meeting rooms in Cambodia, where the plant is known as d:ng.[158]. [32], Further complicating measures to determine the evolutionary history of Cocos is the genetic diversity present within C. nucifera as well as its relatedness to other palms. [76], Coconut palms are normally cultivated in hot and wet tropical climates. [59], Coconuts today can be grouped into two highly genetically distinct subpopulations: the Indo-Atlantic group originating from southern India and nearby regions (including Sri Lanka, the Laccadives, and the Maldives); and the Pacific group originating from the region between maritime Southeast Asia and Melanesia. They grow best near sea level, within 15 degrees of the Equator. Over the course of evolutionary time-scales the shifting atolls would have shortened the paths of colonization, meaning that any one coconut would not have to travel very far to find new land. The coconut sector in the past has been dominated by products, copra and coconut oil, and the international coconut trade used to be driven by the demand for . Fruit growing, on the other hand, is perennial in nature, allowing the grower to remain engaged in farm operations throughout the year and to make full use of farm resources and assets, such as machinery, land, and water, for production purposes throughout the year. Coconut milk contains 5% to 20% fat, while coconut cream contains around 20% to 50% fat. Such an origin indicates that the coconuts were not introduced naturally, such as by sea currents. Many insect pests and diseases affect the species and are a nuisance for commercial production. Coconut copra, used to make coconut oil, is prepared at the coconut farms, using very simple techniques and taken to large scale oil mills through a complex and speculative marketing system. While there is a concentration of coconut plantations in the coastal regions of the country, it is also grown in the hinterlands where the agro-climatic requirements of coconut cultivation are met. Coir Developments Much of coir production is done by small holders meaning production is scattered and at small volumes. Coconut plantations can provide wildlife and habitat conservation economic buffer zones. 50 % of existing coconut palms have passed their economic bearing age (60 years) and are due for replanting, around 900 million coconut seedlings are required at a value of USD$ 2.7 Billion to secure a sustainable future for the global coconut estate. A 100-gram (3+12-ounce) reference serving of raw coconut flesh supplies 1,480 kilojoules (354 kilocalories) of food energy and a high amount of total fat (33 grams), especially saturated fat (89% of total fat), along with a moderate quantity of carbohydrates (15g), and protein (3g). [102], Coconut milk, not to be confused with coconut water, is obtained by pressing the grated coconut meat, usually with hot water added which extracts the coconut oil, proteins, and aromatic compounds. [101][102], Traditional areas of coconut cultivation in India are the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal and, Gujarat and the islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. Overall, unsweetened coconut meat makes a great addition to a balanced diet. Coconut flesh is either eaten raw or dried to form copra, the meat of the seed and the source for coconut oil. This accompanies the palagip (prayer to the dead). Perianth Tepals 6 arranged in two whorls of three each, persistent, and polyphyllous showing imbricate aestivation in both the whorls. . In large amounts, coconut water might cause potassium levels in the blood to become too high. 70% of the total coconut production is for domestic consumption in most producing countries making Coconut a critical global food security crop. Coconut Tree is commonly found in coastal areas. However, the word cocus could also mean "cook" like coquus in Latin,[42] so Linnaeus chose Cocos directly from the Portuguese word coco instead. According to figures published in December 2009 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, it is the world's second largest producer of coconuts, producing 19,500,000 tonnes in 2009. [12], Botanically, the coconut fruit is a drupe, not a true nut. The various parts of the coconut have a number of culinary uses. Apart from its economic importance, the environmental and . Therefore, heavy turf grass environments (beach resorts and golf courses) also pose a major threat to local coconut trees. The coconut has cultural and religious significance in certain societies, particularly in the Western Pacific Austronesian cultures where it features in their mythologies, songs, and oral traditions. In the Philippines, this alcoholic drink is called lambanog (historically also called vino de coco in Spanish) or "coconut vodka". The mesocarp is composed of a fiber, called coir, which has many traditional and commercial uses. The Coconut And Its Importance To Belize What are the economic importance of coconut? - Answers [178] In Maldivian folklore, one of the main myths of origin reflects the dependence of the Maldivians on the coconut tree. They also include fossil fruits that have been tentatively identified as modern Cocos nucifera. The length of the coconut tree is also considerable. 1) Coconut Water: It is liquid endosperm. [52][53] Other evidence for a Central Indo-Pacific origin is the native range of the coconut crab; and the higher amounts of C. nucifera-specific insect pests in the region (90%) in comparison to the Americas (20%), and Africa (4%). Predominantly, the Philippines, Indonesia, India, . De-husked coconuts are also easier for consumers to open, but have a shorter postharvest storage life of around two to three weeks at temperatures of 12 to 15C (54 to 59F) or up to 2 months at 0 to 1.5C (32.0 to 34.7F). Coconut palms grow in the wet tropical and subtropical coastal Indian and Pacific ocean regions. [97], The Philippines is the world's second-largest producer of coconuts. World Economic Importance | SpringerLink Rich in fiber and MCTs, it may offer a number of benefits, including improved heart health, weight loss, and digestion. Coconut is an important tree crop with diverse end-users and employment generation potentials. Thailand has been raising and training pig-tailed macaques to pick coconuts for around 400years. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Because of its properties that reduce appetite and boost metabolism, coconut oil can help in losing fat in the long term. Economic importance of coconut fruit. Benefits of Coconut Fruit: Why [citation needed] They are also used in Hindu weddings as a symbol of prosperity. The nuts we had in baskets on deck remained edible and capable of germinating the whole way to Polynesia. In comparison, mature coconuts with the husk intact can be stored for three to five months at normal room temperature . Whether you are starting your first company or you are a dedicated entrepreneur diving into a new venture, Bizfluent is here to equip you with the tactics, tools and information to establish and run your ventures. Home Fruits What Is The Importance Of Coconut? [78], A more controversial method employed by a small number of coconut farmers in Thailand and Malaysia use trained pig-tailed macaques to harvest coconuts.